Background of the Study:
Work-life balance refers to the equilibrium between professional responsibilities and personal life, which is essential for maintaining physical, mental, and emotional health. In Kogi State, rapid economic development and changing work environments have led to increased work demands and longer working hours, often at the expense of personal well-being (Okeke, 2023). Poor work-life balance has been associated with a range of adverse health outcomes including stress, burnout, and chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. The pressures of modern employment, compounded by inadequate leisure opportunities and high commuting times, can lead to persistent stress and deteriorating health (Aminu, 2024).
Recent studies indicate that individuals with poor work-life balance are more likely to experience mental health issues such as anxiety and depression, as well as physical health problems including hypertension and obesity. In Kogi State, where both the public and private sectors are experiencing high demands, there is a growing concern about the impact of work-related stress on overall health. Employers and policymakers have begun to recognize the importance of implementing work-life balance initiatives, yet the adoption and effectiveness of such measures vary significantly across different industries and regions (Ibrahim, 2025). This study aims to evaluate the current state of work-life balance among employees in Kogi State and its impact on health outcomes, with the goal of identifying strategies to improve employee well-being and productivity.
Statement of the Problem:
In Kogi State, poor work-life balance has emerged as a significant determinant of adverse health outcomes. Many employees experience prolonged work hours, high levels of job-related stress, and insufficient time for rest and personal activities. These factors contribute to chronic stress, which in turn is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression, as well as physical conditions including cardiovascular disease and obesity (Umar, 2023). Despite awareness of these issues, many organizations in Kogi State have not fully implemented policies that promote a healthy balance between work and personal life. The resulting imbalance negatively affects productivity and increases absenteeism, further burdening the healthcare system. The disconnect between the demands of modern work environments and the need for personal well-being is a critical issue that requires comprehensive evaluation. This study seeks to investigate how work-life balance affects the health of employees in Kogi State, identifying key factors that contribute to stress and proposing actionable strategies for improving balance and, consequently, health outcomes (Saleh, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
Research Questions:
Research Hypotheses:
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study focuses on employees across various sectors in Kogi State. Limitations include potential self-reporting bias in assessing work-life balance and difficulties in isolating work-related stress from other stressors.
Definitions of Terms:
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